Metal pipes are widely used in aircraft manufacturing, engineering machinery, automobile industry, petrochemical, agricultural machinery and other industries.
Due to different application scenarios, metal pipes need to be processed into parts of different shapes and sizes to meet the needs of different industries. Advanced laser processing technology is especially suitable for processing various metal pipes. Nowadays, the pipeline laser cutting system is developing in the direction of high flexibility and high automation, which can realize the production mode of small batches and multiple varieties of different materials.
Therefore, only by understanding and breaking through the “key technology of pipe titanium machining system”, system equipment suppliers can have a broader development prospect in the field of metal pipe cutting.
Light guide focusing system
The function of the light guide focusing system is to guide the light beam output by the laser generator to the cutting head that focuses the light path. For copper machining tubes, to obtain high-quality cutting seams, it is necessary to focus a small-diameter, high-power beam. This makes the laser generator output a low-order mode. In order to obtain a smaller beam focus diameter, the smaller the lateral mode order of the laser, the better the fundamental mode. After cutting the tube, a high-quality laser beam can be obtained by cutting a lens with a small focus.
Cutting head trajectory control
The shape of the laser cutting pipe processing pipe belongs to the space surface is more complicated. If the traditional method is used for programming, there will be certain difficulties. This requires the operator to select the correct processing path and appropriate reference point according to the processing process requirements, and use the CNC system To record the feed situation of each axis and the value of the reference point coordinate, and then record the coordinate value of the processing process through the laser cutting system and generate the processing program.
How to control the focus position of laser cutting is an important factor that affects the cutting quality. It is one of the key technologies of brass machining tube that the vertical direction of the focal point relative to the surface of the workpiece does not change through the automatic measurement and control device. By controlling the laser focus position and the integrated linear axis (xyz) of the laser processing system, the movement of the laser cutting head is more light and flexible, and the position of the focus can be known to avoid collisions between the cutting head and the cutting tube or other objects In the process of processing.
Influence of main process parameters
(1) The influence of optical power.
For continuous wave output laser generators, the size of the laser power will have an important impact on cnc turning china. In theory, the higher the laser power of the pipe cutting equipment, the faster the cutting speed. However, combined with the characteristics of the pipe itself, the cutting power is not a good choice. When the cutting power increases, the mode of the laser itself will change, which affects the focus of the laser beam. In actual processing, we often choose to make the focus get high power density when the power is less than the power, so as to ensure the efficiency and quality of laser cutting.
(2) The influence of cutting speed.
In order to obtain better cutting quality, the cutting speed must be within a certain range when laser cutting pipes. If the cutting speed is too slow, excessive heat will accumulate on the surface of the pipe, the heat-affected zone will become larger, the gap will become wider, and the discharged hot melt will burn the incision surface and make the incision surface rough. When the cutting speed increases, the average slit width around the pipe becomes smaller, and the smaller the pipe diameter, the more obvious the impact. As the cutting speed increases, the laser action time shortens, the total energy absorbed by the pipe decreases, the temperature at the front end of the pipe decreases, and the slit width decreases. If the cnc milling china speed is too fast, the pipe cannot be cut or cut continuously, which will affect the overall cutting quality.
(3) The influence of pipe diameter.
When laser cutting pipes, the characteristics of the pipe itself will also have a great impact on the processing process. For example, the size of the pipe diameter has a significant impact on the processing quality. Through the study of high speed machining thin-walled seamless steel pipes, it is found that under the condition that the various process parameters of the laser cutting pipe equipment remain unchanged, the diameter of the pipe continues to increase, and the width of the cutting seam will also increase.
(4) The type and pressure of auxiliary gas.
When cutting non-metal and some metal pipes, compressed air or inert gas (such as nitrogen) can be used as auxiliary gas, and most metal pipes can use active gas (such as oxygen). After determining the type of auxiliary gas, it is very important to determine the pressure of the auxiliary gas. When the pipe with small wall thickness is cut at a higher speed, the auxiliary gas pressure should be increased to prevent the slag from being in the cut; when the pipe wall thickness is large or the cutting speed is slow, the auxiliary gas pressure should be appropriately reduced to prevent the pipe from being penetrated Or continuous cutting.
In the laser cutting tube, the position of the beam focus is also very important. When the focus is in a good position, the cutting seam is small, the cutting efficiency is high, and the cutting effect is good.
